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Alonzo Watson
Alonzo Watson (1891 –1937) was an American anti-Fascist, historically famous as one of the first American anti-Fascist volunteers –as well as the first African American –to fall on the field of battle during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).
==Biographical sketch==
Alonzo Watson was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1891. A veteran of World War I and painter, Watson had moved to New York –joining the Communist Party upon finding common cause with its Harlem activism in the 1930s.〔Carroll, Peter N., and James D. Fernández. ''Facing Fascism: New York and the Spanish Civil War''. New York: Museum of the City of New York, 2007. ISBN 0-8147-1681-4, ISBN 978-0-8147-1681-6. P. 79.〕 He left New York for Spain on the day after Christmas in 1936 on the ''SS Normandie'' –one of the first group of volunteers to see service in the American outfit known as the Abraham Lincoln Brigade.〔Collum, Danny Duncan, and Victor A. Berch. ''African Americans in the Spanish Civil War: "This ain't Ethiopia, But It'll Do"''. New York: G.K. Hall, 1992. ISBN 0-8161-7378-8, ISBN 978-0-8161-7378-5. P. 24.〕 Staffed mostly by American Communists eager to help the Marxist Second Spanish Republic against the Anti-Communist military uprising led by General Francisco Franco, the Lincoln Brigadists composed the first completely integrated American fighting force.〔(Lendman, Stephen. ''The Abraham Lincoln Brigade - A profile in Courage, Honor and Hope''. ) Independent Media Center. 27 December 2007. Retrieved 1 May 2009.〕
Alonzo Watson died in February 1937 at the Battle of Jarama. Fellow veteran John Tisa recalls that Watson died in hand-to-hand combat.〔Tisa, John. ''Recalling the Good Fight: An Autobiography of the Spanish Civil War''. South Hadley, Massachusetts: Bergin & Garvey, 1985. ISBN 0-89789-078-7, ISBN 978-0-89789-078-6. P. 51.〕
His name occurs briefly as a historical character in ''Captain Blackman'' (1972), a novel written by African American writer John Alfred Williams and Bruce Palmer's ''They Shall Not Pass: A Novel of the Spanish Civil War'' (1971).
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